**Hibakusha: The Survivors of Atomic Bombs in Japan** In the summer of 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, resulting in the deaths of approximately 200,000 people and devastating both cities. However, many individuals survived, enduring life-altering injuries and deep emotional trauma from the catastrophic events they witnessed. These survivors, known as "hibakusha," which means "bomb-affected people," have played a crucial role in sharing their harrowing experiences. In the aftermath of World War II, Japan officially recognized around 650,000 hibakusha. As time has passed, the number of living survivors has significantly decreased, with only about 114,000 still alive today, according to the Nihon Hidankyo organization, which was recently awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for its advocacy efforts. Many hibakusha have devoted their lives to recounting their stories of loss and suffering, helping to raise awareness about the devastating impact of nuclear warfare. The New York Times has highlighted these survivors in its Opinion section this year, emphasizing their contributions to the understanding of nuclear devastation. Founded 11 years after the war, Nihon Hidankyo serves as the sole national organization representing hibakusha across Japan's 47 prefectures. The group was established to support survivors who continue to face the physical repercussions of radiation exposure and the social stigma associated with their experiences. Over the years, Nihon Hidankyo has sent survivors worldwide to share their stories, advocating for a future free from nuclear conflict. In a poignant reminder of their mission, the group stated in its 1956 founding declaration, “Humanity must never again inflict nor suffer the sacrifice and torture we have experienced.” The Nobel committee recognized Nihon Hidankyo and the hibakusha during the 2005 Peace Prize ceremony, acknowledging their tireless efforts in the fight against nuclear warfare.