Killer whales, known as Orcinus orca, have been considered a single species despite their diverse habitats and behaviors. However, recent research suggests that two distinct populations off the Pacific Coast should be classified as separate species due to significant genetic, physical, and behavioral differences. These populations, known as resident killer whales and Bigg’s killer whales, have evolved separately for hundreds of thousands of years, leading scientists to propose new species designations. This taxonomic distinction could have implications for conservation efforts, as the two populations face different threats and conservation needs. The proposal will be submitted to a committee of taxonomy experts for consideration. If accepted, the resident killer whales would be named Orcinus ater, and the Bigg’s killer whales would be named Orcinus rectipinnus. Further analysis may reveal additional distinct orca populations that warrant separate species classification.